裴斯泰洛齐幼儿体育观研究

Study on Pestalozzi’s Child Physical Education View

运用文献资料法等研究方法,对裴斯泰洛齐幼儿体育观进行研究。18世纪末19世纪初,瑞士农村教育被教会控制,裴斯泰洛齐力图通过教育改变贫民生活,强调教育和体育在发展幼儿中的作用。夸美纽斯自然教育思想、洛克绅士教育思想、卢梭自然主义教育思想为裴斯泰洛齐幼儿体育观奠定了坚实的理论基础。他的幼儿体育观包括倡导幼儿的和谐发展、体育与劳动教育相结合、注重体操和感官训练以及采用循序渐进的教育方法等几个方面的内容。裴斯泰洛齐的幼儿体育观对欧美以及其他许多国家的幼儿教育和体育曾产生很大影响。在我国开展素质教育、全面推进健康中国战略的今天,我们应充分认识与挖掘裴斯泰洛齐的幼儿体育观,高度重视幼儿的早期体育教育,开展游戏、户外活动等幼儿体育活动,本着“一切为了孩子”的精神,采用循序渐进的教育方法,促进幼儿的健康、和谐发展。

By using the method of literature,etc.,the author studies Pestalozzi's view of child physical education.From the end of the 18th century to the beginning of the 19th century,rural education in Switzerland was controlled by the church.Pestalozzi tried to change the lives of the poor through education.Put emphasis on the role of education and physical education in the development of child.Comenius's thought of natural education,Locke*s thought of gentleman education and Rousseau's education thought of naturalism laid a solid theoretical foundation for Pestalozzi's view of child physical education.His view of child physical education includes advocating the harmonious development of child,combining physical education with labor education,paying attention to gymnastics and sensory training and adopting progressive education methods,etc.Pestalozzi^view of child physical education had a great influence on child education and child physical education in Europe,America and many other countries.Today when developing quality education in our country and promoting the Strategy of Healthy China comprehensively,we should fully understand and excavate Pestalozzi's view of child physical education,attach great importance to the early physical education of children,carry out games,outdoor activities and so on.In the spirit of"all for children",adopt progressive education methods to promote the healthy and harmonious development of young children.