阿列克谢耶维奇：女性历史话语建构的主旨与策略

Alexievich:The Main Purpose and Strategy in the Construction of Women’s Historical Discourse

斯韦特兰娜·亚历山德罗夫娜·阿列克谢耶维奇是2015年诺贝尔文学奖获得者。她的作品通过采访的方式来倾听普通个体(大部分为女性)的讲述,记录历史危机中的大事件与小人物。由于口述史的原始性和叙事的女性立场,形成了当代文学中的“事实文学”体裁;而女性叙述者的大量出现,使她的作品成为众声中的独特文本。女性的历史话语通过她的作品以一种不同于以往的性别视阈和创作场域呈现出人类记忆的真实面目。以女性为叙事中心、异于史书、重构记忆是阿列克谢耶维奇的创作主旨和主要的叙事建构策略。

Svetlana Alexandravna Alexievich of Belarus was a recipient of the Nobel Prize in Literature in 2015.She wrote her works in the form of interview during the narrative introduction of major historical events and stories of nobodies from the mouth of ordinary people-mostly women.A genre of literature of reality has been created because of the primitiveness of oral history and the women-oriented narration.The inclusion of a large number of female narrators into her literary writings makes them a text known for its uniqueness and quasi-real-life.In her some works,women’s historical discourse,whose gender vision and birthplace are different from other narrations,has presented the truth of human memory.Different from historical books,her works place women in the center of narration and make the reconstruction of memory as the main purpose of her literary creation and the major strategy of narration.