2型糖尿病并发感染患者危险因素、病原学检测及其预后分析

Risk factors, etiological detection and prognosis analysis of patients with T2DM complicated with infection

目的通过对2型糖尿病(T2DM)并发感染患者危险因素、病原学检测及其预后分析,进一步为临床上用药及控制感染提供有利的依据。方法回顾性分析1 238例T2DM并发感染患者的所有临床资料。结果 1 238例T2DM并发感染患者中检出了病原菌1 047株,检出率为84.6%;常见的致病菌主要为革兰阴性杆菌877株(占83.8%),以肺炎克雷伯杆菌、大肠埃希菌、鲍氏不动杆菌、铜绿假单胞菌为主;其次为革兰阳性球菌127株(占12.1%),以金黄色葡萄球菌为主。常见感染位置为泌尿系统与呼吸系统;预后好转率为94.1%;常见病原菌的耐药性较高;其感染的危险因素与并发糖尿病的慢性病变者、糖尿病的防控状况、糖尿病病程时间、年龄差异等有关。结论 T2DM并发感染患者常见的病原菌耐药性较高,临床需根据药敏试验结果合理用药,尽早采用有效措施积极防控进而改善预后。

Objective Through the analysis of risk factors, etiological detection and prognosis of T2 DM patients complicated with infection, we can provide a favorable basis for clinical drug use and infection control. Methods To retrospectively analyze the clinical data of 1 238 patients with T2 DM complicated with infection. Results 1 047 strains of pathogenic bacteria were detected in 1 238 patients with T2 DM complicated with infection, and the detection rate was 84.6%. The most common pathogenic bacteria were 877 strains of gram-negative bacilli(83.8%)(mainly Klebsiella pneumoniae, Escherichia coli, Acinetobacter baumannii, Pseudomonas aeruginosa), followed by 127 strains of Gram-positive cocci.(12.1%)(staphylococcus aureus);common infection sites were urinary system and respiratory system;prognosis improvement rate was 94.1%;common pathogenic bacteria had high drug resistance. It showed that the risk factors of infection were related to chronic disease complicated with diabetes mellitus, diabetes mellitus, prevention and control, duration of diabetes and age difference. Conclusion As a result of the high drug resistance of common pathogens in patients with T2 DM complicated with infection, rational drug use should be based on sensitive test results. In order to improve the prognosis, we should take effective measures to prevent and control the disease as soon as possible.