科学认识和面对甲状腺病变

Scientific understanding and coping with thyroid disease

随着超声技术的不断发展,甲状腺疾病的发病率逐年递增。其中结节性病变所占比例较高。大部分为良性,但仍有部分具有恶变风险的结节需要被尽早筛查出。综合利用超声造影、超声引导细针穿刺技术以及分子学检测有助于提高对恶性结节的早期诊断率。硬化治疗、微波消融、射频消融等更微创、更个体化的治疗方案也被越来越多地运用于临床实践。

The incidence of thyroid disorders has been increasing with the continuously development of ultrasound.The thyroid has a very high incidence of nodular disease.Most thyroid nodules are benign,but some small subgroup of nodules that harbor a clinically cancer risks need to be screened as early as possible.Comprehensive use of contrast-enhanced ultrasound,fine-needle aspiration biopsy and molecular testing are helpful to improve the early diagnosis rate of malignant nodules.Sclerotherapy,microwave ablation,radiofrequency ablation and other minimally invasive and individualized treatment schemes are also much more adopted in clinical practice.