中老年营养不良与骨质疏松发生风险相关性研究

Correlation between the risk of osteoporosis in middle-aged and elderly patients with malnutrition

目的探讨中老年人群营养不良与骨质疏松症的相关性。方法选取中国科学技术大学附属第一医院(安徽省立医院)老年医学科收治的78例中老年骨质疏松患者,运用双能X线法测定所选取患者的骨密度(BMD),根据体质指数将78例患者分为营养不良组和营养正常组。对于两组患者的性别、不同年龄骨密度、骨盐含量以及骨密度的T值等相关指标进行比较。结果在中老年患者中,营养不良组左上臂、右侧股骨、正位脊柱的骨密度均显著低于营养正常组(P均<0.05);两组上述各部位T值比较,差异也均有统计学意义(P均<0.01)。各部位骨盐含量,营养不良组较营养正常组明显更低(P<0.01)。在中老年人群中,营养不良组左上臂、正位脊柱部位的骨密度、骨盐含量都显著低于营养正常组(P均<0.05);而右侧股骨的骨密度两组间比较,差异不显著(P均>0.05)。但在老年男性中,右侧股骨营养不良较营养正常组T值显著降低(P<0.05)。在80岁以下中老年人群中,营养不良组的左上臂、右侧股骨、正位脊柱骨密度、骨盐含量、T值均显著低于营养状态正常组(P均<0.05)。在80岁及以上老年患者中,营养不良组的左上臂及正位脊柱中的骨密度与营养正常组对比显著降低,差异有统计学意义(P均<0.05),T值变化不明显,差异不显著(P均>0.05);正位脊柱中骨盐含量营养不良较正常组显著降低,差异有统计学意义(P均<0.05)。结论营养不良是高龄患者骨质疏松的重要危险因素之一。

Objective To explore the risk of malnutrition for osteoporosis in elderly patient.Methods 78 elderly patients hospitalized with osteoporosis were selected as study objects,diagnosed by x-ray bone mineral density.78 patients were divided into 2 different groups,including malnutrition group and normal group according to BMI value.The bone density,bone salt content and T value of two group patient were measured,and all above data were analyzed by the t test.Results In the elderly,the left upper arm,orthotopic spine bone mineral density and bone salt content of the malnourished group were significantly lower than the normal nutritional status group(P<0.05).However,the right femur of the malnourished group were not significantly higher than those of the normal nutritional status group.In the elderly males,the T value of the right femur in malnutrition was significantly reduced(P<0.05).In the elderly group(80 years old,the bone density,bone salt content and T value of the left upper arm,right femur and orthopaedic spine in the malnourished group were significantly lower than those in the normal nutritional group(P<0.05).In the elderly patients aged(80 years old,the bone mineral density in the left upper arm and the right spine of the malnourished group was significantly lower than that in the normal nutrition group.The difference was statistically significant(P<0.05),and the T value did not change significantly(P>0.05).The bone salt content malnutrition in the orthopedic spine was significantly lower than that in the normal group,and the difference was statistically significant(P<0.05).The other two sites were not significantly different(P>0.05).Conclusion Malnutrition is one of the important risk factors for osteoporosis in elderly patients.