湖北省高山、二高山区中晚熟鲜食马铃薯新品种评价

Evaluation of Mid-late Maturing Table Potato New Varieties Suitable for Planting in Areas Above 700 Meters in Hubei Province

马铃薯在湖北省广泛种植,是重要的粮食、蔬菜和经济作物,优良品种是保证其产业健康发展的先决条件。为筛选出适合湖北高山、二高山地区种植的中晚熟、高产、优质新品种,探讨农艺性状与产量的关系,试验以‘鄂马铃薯5号’为对照,研究8个无性系农艺性状和产量表现,并进一步分析了农艺性状与产量、比重以及商品薯率的关系。结果表明,马铃薯产量与生育期、株高呈极显著正相关,与商品薯率呈显著正相关;各农艺性状对产量、比重和商品薯率的构成影响最大的分别是单薯重、单株块茎数和单薯重;无性系‘HB1105-1’和‘HB1125-1’产量分别为2 034,1 900 kg/667m^2,较对照‘鄂马铃薯5’号分别增产17.6%,9.8%,建议在700 m以上地区大面积示范推广。

Potato is widely planted in Hubei Province, which is an important food, vegetable and economic crop.Improved varieties are the prerequisite to ensure the healthy development of potato industry. In order to screen new midlate maturity, high yield and high quality varieties suitable for planting in the areas above 700 meters in Hubei Province,and to explore the relationship between agronomic traits and yields, the performances of agronomic traits and yields of eight clones were studied with the table variety ’Emalingshu 5’ as a control and the relations of agronomic traits with yields, specific gravity and marketable tuber percentage were further analyzed. Potato yield was highly significantly positively correlated with growth period and plant height, and significantly positively correlated with marketable tuber percentage. The yield, specific gravity and marketable tuber percentage were affected most by tuber weight, tuber number per plant and tuber weight, respectively. The yields of clones ’HB1105-1’ and ’HB1125-1’ were 2 034 and 1 900 kg/667 m^2,respectively, which were 17.6% and 9.8% higher than those of control variety ’Emalingshu 5’. It is suggested that these two clones should be demonstrated and promoted in large scale in the areas above 700 m in Hubei Province.