全球法治何以成为可能

How Can the Global Rule of Law Become Possible

全球法治何以成为可能的问题,投射的是一个全球社会的法律窘境。一方面,全球问题越来越引起人们的关注,它对人类的生存、生活和发展构成了严重威胁,甚至使人类陷入生死存亡的困境,迫切需要产生一种全球法治来惩治全球问题的制造者或责任人。可以说,人类要想脱离生死存亡的困境,"全球法治"志在必得。另一方面,迄今为止,法律的有效执行都是依靠国家的力量来进行的。无国家,则法律不能生效。即便是国际法的适用,也必须依靠国家的力量来实现。因此,脱离开国家的力量,来侈谈全球性法治,无异于一种美好的乌托邦幻想。如何走出这种困境,有必要反思法学、政治学在全球法治、全球法、法律全球化等根本范畴的争论、质疑、探讨;走出理论上的困境,需要认识到全球法治的层次性。全球化时代的法治问题是个非常复杂的问题。无论是人类意志,还是法律,都是分层次的,至少有双边周边、区域性、全球性三个层次的问题。

The possible global rule of law projects a legal dilemma for the global society. On one hand,the proliferation of global problems is increasingly threatening the survival and development of human beings and is on the edge of putting humans in the crisis of life and death. There is an urgent need to create a global rule of law to severely punish the makers or responsible persons who make the global problems. It can be said that if human beings want to get out of this dilemma of life and death, the"global rule of law" should be determined. On the other hand, so far the effective enforcement of laws has been carried out only by the strength of the state. Where there is no country, the law cannot take effect.Even the application of international law must depend on the strength of every state. Therefore, it is no different from a Utopian fantasy to talk about the global rule of law without the power of the state. If we want to know how to get out of this dilemma, it is necessary to reflect on the debates, questions and discussions of law and politics in the fundamental areas of global rule of law, global law and legal globalization. In the author’s opinion, to get out of this theoretical dilemma, we need to recognize the hierarchy of the global rule of law. International law in the era of globalization is a very complex issue.Both human will and law are hierarchical, with at least three levels of issues: bilateral peripherial, regional and global.