奥康纳与佩珀的生态社会主义思想及其异同

On O’Connor and Pepper’s Ecological Socialism Thoughts and Their Similarities and Differences

奥康纳与佩珀均认为,资本主义制度是生态危机的主要根源,未来替代资本主义的只能是结合了生态学与社会主义原则的生态社会主义。对于如何实现生态社会主义制度理想,奥康纳并不特别强调社会制度变革,主张通过"生产性正义"的树立,达到建立生态社会主义的目的;而佩珀则主张对资本主义进行社会制度变革,实现生态社会主义的"公平正义"。奥康纳与佩珀建设生态社会主义的政治构想,有力地批判了资本主义制度的反生态本性,重新焕发了马克思主义生态文明建设思想的新活力。奥康纳与佩珀虽然都抓住了人与自然关系视角的资本主义分析批判,却存在一定的局限性,二者都遗漏了作为社会主义本质内容的生产资料公有制这一社会主义实现途径的论证,最终导致其历史观和方法论的失误。

Both O’Connor and Pepper believe that the capitalist system is the main source of the ecological crisis. In the future, alternative capitalism can only be an ecological socialism that combines the principles of ecology with socialism. O’Connor does not particularly emphasize the reform of the social system, and he advocates the establishment of "productive justice" to achieve the goal of establishing ecological socialism;while Pepper advocates the social system reform in capitalism in order to realize the "fairness and justice" of ecological socialism. O’Connor and Pepper’s political conception of building ecological socialism strongly criticized the anti-ecological nature of the capitalist system and revived the new vitality of Marxist ecological civilization construction. Although O’Connor and Pepper both employed the criticism of capitalist analysis from the perspective of the relationship between man and nature, there are certain limitations they both missed the demonstration of the socialist realization of public ownership as the material content of socialism, which eventually led to mistakes for both of them on historical view and methodology.