关于农村宅基地流转“限制与自由”的思考

Study on “Restriction and Freedom” of Rural Homestead Transference

宅基地流转是宅基地制度改革的主要内容。目前学术界对于宅基地流转主要持有两种观点:一是限制流转;二是自由流转。两种观点均围绕农民权益、土地资源高效率配置、城乡统筹发展等展开。宅基地试点改革表明,宅基地流转范围扩大是未来的趋势,但目前受到社会基础保障体系不完善、村庄规划未覆盖、有偿使用制度未建立、农村土地市场未形成等现实情况影响,无法实现自由流转。建议从社会基础保障体系建设、村庄规划编制与用途管制、宅基地有偿使用制度构建、城乡统一的土地市场建设等方面加快完善制度或措施,逐步实现宅基地自由流转。

Homestead transfer is the main content of homestead system reform.At present,academic circles hold two views on homestead transference:restrictive and free.Both views focus on farmers'rights and interests,efficient allocation of land resources,balance development between urban and rural.The pilot reform of homestead shows that the range of homestead transfer will be expanded in the future,but at present,the free transfer of homestead cannot be realized due to the influence of the current reality,such as imperfect social basic security system,uncovered village planning,unformed paid use system of homestead and unmature rural land market.It is suggested to accelerate the improvement of the system or measures from the aspects of social basic security system construction,village planning and use control,paid use system construction of homestead,and the construction of unified land market in urban and rural areas,so as to gradually realize the free transference of homestead.