蒙古扁桃药材和柄扁桃药材不同部位生物碱含量测定及比较

Determination and comparison of alkaloids in different parts of Amygdalus mongolica Maxim and Prunus pedunculata

目的:比较蒙古扁桃药材及柄扁桃药材种仁和叶片中总生物碱的含量。方法:分别经石油醚脱脂后,用95%乙醇提取两次得到蒙古扁桃药材及柄扁桃药材种仁和叶片中的总生物碱,采用酸碱提取法提取总生物碱,酸性染料比色法测定蒙古扁桃药材及柄扁桃药材种仁和叶片中总生物碱含量。结果:以硫酸阿托品为对照品,其在2~12μg/mL的浓度范围内,含量与吸光度呈良好的线性关系,其回归方程为y=0.0988x+0.0826,R=0.997。测得(1)蒙古扁桃药材种仁中总生物碱含量显著高于柄扁桃药材种仁中总生物碱含量(P<0.05),分别为0.2039 mg/g和0.1472 mg/g,加样回收率=98.83%,RSD=1.40%;(2)蒙古扁桃药材叶片中总生物碱含量明显高于柄扁桃药材叶片中总生物碱含量(P<0.05),分别为0.3438 mg/g和0.3215 mg/g,加样回收率=98.64%,RSD=0.71%;(3)蒙古扁桃药材及柄扁桃药材叶片中总生物碱含量显著高于其种仁中总生物碱含量(P<0.05)。结论:该方法方法简便,准确,可靠,重复性好,可作为测定蒙古扁桃及柄扁桃药材种仁和叶片中总生物碱含量的优良方法。

Objective:To compare the contents of total alkaloids in the seed kernels and leaves of Amygdalus mongolica Maxim and Prunus pedunculata.Methods:The total alkaloids in the seed kernels and leaves of Amygdalus mongolica Maxim and Prunus pedunculata,degreased with petroleum ether,were then extracted with 95%ethanol twice.The total alkaloids were extracted by acid-base extraction.The acid dye colorimetric method was used to determine the content of total alkaloids in the seed kernels and leaves of Amygdalus mongolica Maxim and Prunus pedunculata.Results:Atropine sulfate was used as the reference substance.The content of atropine sulfate in the concentration range of 2~12μg/mL showed a good linear relationship with the absorbance.The regression equation was y=0.0988x+0.0826,R=0.997.It was found that(1)the content of total alkaloids in the seed kernels of Amygdalus mongolica Maxim was significantly higher than that in the seed kernels of Prunus pedunculata(P<0.05),which were 0.2039mg/g and 0.1472mg/g respectively.The recovery rate was 98.83%,RSD=1.40%;(2)the total alkaloid content in the leaves of Amygdalus mongolica Maxim was significantly higher than that in the leaves of Prunus pedunculata(P<0.05),which were 0.3438 mg/g and 0.3215 mg/g respectively.The recovery rate was 98.64%,RSD=0.71%;(3)the total alkaloid content in the leaves of Amygdalus mongolica Maxim and Prunus pedunculatawas was significantly higher than that of the total alkaloids in the seed kernels.Conclusion:The method is simple,accurate,reliable and reproducible.It can be used as a method for determination of total alkaloids in the seeds and leaves of Amygdalus mongolica Maxim and Prunus pedunculata.