口咽癌诊断治疗进展

Progress in the diagnosis and treatment of oropharyngeal cancer

1前言口咽的上界为软腭口腔侧,下界至会厌谷,前界是舌根,外侧为扁桃体窝和咽侧壁,后界为咽后壁。可分为舌根、腭扁桃体、软腭口腔侧、咽后壁和咽侧壁五部分。口咽癌是指发生于软腭悬雍垂、腭扁桃体、舌根及口咽侧壁和后壁等部位的恶性肿瘤。口咽癌位于常见癌症的第10位,患者约占恶性肿瘤患者的5%[1]。口咽癌好发于中老年男性,病变位置75%以上发生于扁桃体,多为单侧发病,病理类型90%以上为鳞状细胞癌。

In recent years,human papillomavirus has been proved to be closely related to the occurrence and prognosis of oropharyngeal cancer.The treatment of oropharyngeal cancer has evolved from the primary radiotherapy to the corresponding treatment according to different tumor stages.For patients with advanced oropharyngeal cancer,the treatment strategy is mostly surgery + postoperative concurrent chemoradiotherapy.Patients are often accompanied by large defects in the surgical area after surgery.With the improvement of head and neck surgical repair technology and the progress of free flap technology,various repair methods can be adopted to repair and reconstruct.