巨菌草收割装置发展现状及趋势

Development Status and Trend on Harvesting Device of Giant Juncao

巨菌草收割是菌草产业中劳动强度最大的工作环节之一.在国内,目前对巨菌草切割的相关研究较少,没有有效巨菌草茎秆切割装置.首先,通过对巨菌草的茎秆拉伸、压缩和弯曲等力学特性,以及直径和含水率等影响茎秆的抗拉压强度因素进行综述,对比不同的茎秆切割器研究现状得出:合理匹配圆盘式切割器结构参数与运动参数能够减小重割和漏割,而往复式切割的切割速度对剪切力影响较小,切割间隙和切割刀片组合形式对剪切力影响大.其次,指出虚拟仿真技术这一较新的技术领域,为探究切割装置提供了新的技术方法.最后,提出巨菌草收割目前存在的问题以及切割装置在未来应向智能化和多功能化发展的观点.

Giant juncao harvesting is one of the most labor-intensive work in juncao indusstry. There is few research on giant juncao cutting and so it has no cutting device to cut giant juncao stalks effectively at present in China. Firstly,some mechanical properties of giant juncao such as stalk stretching,compression and bending,as well as some affective factors about tensile and compressive strength of giant juncao like diameter and rate of water content were summarized. By comparing the research status of different stalk cutters,it concluded that reasonably matching structure and movement parameters of disc cutters could reduce heavy cutting and leakage cutting. Meanwhile,the combination of cutting clearance and cutting blade had great influence on the shear force,as for the cutting speed of reciprocating cutting,it had little influence. Secondly,it was pointed out that virtual simulation technology could provide a new technical method for exploring cutting device,which was also a new technical field relatively. At last,it was put forward that problems of giant juncao harvesting currently and the view that cutting devices should be developed to intelligence and multi-function in the future.