异硬脂酸季戊四醇酯的合成及其性能

Synthesis and Properties of Pentaerythritol Isostearate

采用直接酯化法合成异硬脂酸季戊四醇酯,考察了酸醇物质的量比、反应温度和时间对酯化程度的影响,并进行了深度脱酸处理与产品性质测定。确定适宜的反应条件为:酸醇物质的量比为4.3∶1,在230℃条件下反应8 h。产物经深度脱酸后酸值(KOH)降至0.04 mg/g。红外光谱分析表明产品酯化较完全。测得产品羟值(KOH)为13.36 mg/g,闪点325℃,倾点-43℃,产品各项数据均符合润滑油基础油要求。该工艺简单易操作,对环境影响小,是较为理想的合成方法。

Pentaerythritol isostearate was synthesized with direct esterification method,the effects of molar ratio of acid and alcohol,reaction temperature,and reaction time on the degree of esterification were studied,deep deacidification was carried out,and the properties of product were determined.Optimum reactionconditions were identified as follows:the molar ratio of acid and alcohol is 4.3:1,the reaction time is 8 h at 230℃,and the acid value(KOH)of product is reduced to 0.04 mg/g after deep deacidification.The esterification of product is complete comparatively as confirmed by the results of IR spectroscopy.The hydroxyl value(KOH),flash point,and pour point of product are 13.36 mg/g,325℃,and-43℃respectively,and all the indexes of product satisfy the requirements of lube base oil.This process is simple and can be operated easily with little effect on the environment,and therefore it is a preferable synthetic method.