红外光谱联合X射线粉末衍射分析三聚氰胺致婴幼儿泌尿系结石成分

Analysis of components in melamine-induced urinary stones using a combination of infrared spectrum and XRD

目的:利用红外光谱(IR)联合X射线粉末衍射(XRD)技术定性分析三聚氰胺相关泌尿系结石化学组分及物相构成。方法:选取6份2008年4月~2011年3月在我院诊治的三聚氰胺致婴幼儿泌尿系结石患儿的结石标本,分别编号为S1~S6。采用IR自动分析仪联合X射线衍射仪对其成分进行定性分析,依据国际衍射数据中心卡片库检索分析结石标本的衍射图谱是否与已知的化合物的衍射图谱相匹配。结果:三聚氰胺致婴幼儿泌尿系结石大体形态各异。IR分析显示6份结石标本中的S1~S5主要由尿酸盐组成,其中S1的主要成分是无水尿酸;S2的主要成分为一水尿酸钠;S3、S4和S5的主要成分是二水尿酸和尿酸铵。但是S6的主要成分是六水磷酸镁铵、尿酸铵和碳酸磷灰石。没有已知的化合物的衍射图谱可以同S1~S5的衍射图谱相匹配,S6晶体组成符合六水磷酸镁铵的衍射图谱。结论:尿酸和尿酸铵是三聚氰胺相关泌尿系结石的主要成分;三聚氰胺导致的泌尿系结石的晶体物相组成是无定形的,暂时还无法明确其准确的物相结构。

Objective:To qualitatively analyze the chemical and mineral phase compositions of melamine-induced urinary stones using a combination of infrared spectrum and XRD.Method:Six melamine-associated urinary stone samples were obtained from children who were treated in Lanzhou University Second Hospital from April 2008 to March 2011.They were numbered from S1 to S6 respectively.The compositions of stone samples were qualitatively analyzed using a combination of infrared spectrum and XRD.The diffraction diagrams of stone samples were detected whether to correspond with the diffraction diagram of the known compounds by screening the data bank of the Powder Diffraction File of the International Centre for Diffraction Data.Result:The gross morphology of the melamine-induced urinary stones was diverse.Infrared spectral data revealed that 5 of the 6 stone samples predominantly consisted of the crystal forms of urate:S1 was uricite,S2 was sodium urate monohydrate,and S3,S4 and S5 were uric acid dihydrate and ammonium urate.However,S6 was composed of ammonium magnesium phosphate hexahydrate,ammonium urate and carbonate apatite.X-ray powder diffraction method showed that no corresponding diagram could be detected in S1-S5.Only S6 was confirmed with constitution of ammonium magnesium phosphate hexahydrate.Conclusion:Uric acid and ammonium urate are the main components of the melamine-associated urinary stones.The amorphous mineral phase was involved in the calculogenesis of melamine-induced urinary stones and its plausible mineral phase components is not still elucidated temporarily.