苏格兰现代学徒制与其他教育类型的联系机理、运行机制及经验启示

On Connection Principle and Operating Mechanism between Modern Apprenticeship with Other Types of Education in Scotland and Its Enlightenment to China

苏格兰学徒制基于其灵活、特色的学分与资历框架建立了与其他教育纵横沟通的"立交桥"。剖析其运行机制,借鉴其成功经验,我国可通过建立国家资历框架来完善现代学徒制与其他教育的联系机制,在多层面保障企业决策权,维护好企业主体地位,引入市场机制整合多方优质资源参与现代学徒培养,政府部门可采用购买服务或自设机构的形式协调各参与方的利益诉求,转移承接协调成本,同时制定规范合理的补贴机制,降低培养成本。

Based on its flexible and characteristic credit and qualification framework, the apprenticeship system in Scotland has established an"interchange"with other types of education. By analyzing its operation mechanism and drawing on its successful experience, China can improve the connection mechanism between modern apprenticeship system and other types of education by establishing a national qualification framework, safeguard the decision-making power of enterprises at multiple levels, maintain the dominant position of enterprises, introduce market mechanism to integrate multiple high-quality resources to participate in modern apprenticeship training. The government departments can coordinate the interests of all participants in the form of purchasing services or setting up their own institutions, transfer and undertake the coordination cost, and formulate a standard and reasonable subsidy mechanism to reduce the training cost.