先秦族群迁徙融合与华夏文明进程研究

On the Migration,Fusion and Civilization Process of Ethnic Groups in the Pre-Qin Period

族群迁徙融合是推动社会发展和文明化进程的重要因素和动力,先秦不同时期族群的迁徙融合对华夏文明化进程的发展起着不同的作用和影响。上古时期周边族群向中原地区的汇聚迁徙,加速了该区域社会形态的进步和生产力的发展,使中原地区得以占据优势,率先迈入文明门槛,出现最早的王权国家,促进了中国古代文明起源由多源向一体的转变;夏商时期,以夏商族群为主体的扩张性迁徙,使中原地区成为当时的文明核心区,对周边地区影响深远;两周时期,大范围的族群迁徙融合,使西周礼乐文明得以普及,促进了统一民族意识的出现和华夏民族的形成,开创了华夏文明的新篇章。

Ethnic groups’ migration and fusion are the important factors in promoting the development of society and civilization,which exert various influences on civilization in different stages of Pre-Qin. In the early ancient China,the neighboring ethnic groups’ migration to the Central Plains Area accelerated the growth of social formations and productivity,which has won the advantage for the Central Plains Area to take the lead in the threshold of civilization,establish the earliest kingship country and advance the origin of ancient Chinese civilization to transform from multiple sources into one. In Xia and Shang Dynasties,the expansive migration of Xia and Shang ethnic groups as the main body made the Central Plains Area to be the core area of civilization at that time and had a profound impact on the surrounding areas. During the Western and Eastern Zhou dynasties,ethnic groups’ large-scale migration and fusion popularized the culture of rites and music in the Western Zhou Dynasty,encouraged the emergence of unified national consciousness and the formation of the Huaxia nation and finally created the new chapter of Huaxia civilization.