脊髓损伤再生研究进展——搭建脊髓损伤修复的希望之桥

Progress in spinal cord injury regeneration in China: constructing a bridge for spinal cord injury repair

脊髓损伤是一种严重的神经损伤,脊髓损伤后在局部形成抑制神经再生的微环境,使得神经再生尤为困难.改革开放以来尤其是近20年,随着再生医学的发展,在中国科学院战略性先导科技专项、科技部重点研发计划以及国家自然科学基金委员会重点项目等支持下,我国在脊髓损伤后再生微环境的重建、脊髓损伤再生修复机制研究和临床转化研究等方面取得了显著进步.研制了具有自主知识产权的神经支架材料,建立了支架材料与再生因子或干细胞特异结合的功能生物材料制备技术;并通过移植重建有利于神经再生的微环境,建立了大段缺损的全横断脊髓损伤模型,提出神经桥接是功能生物材料促进完全性脊髓损伤动物运动恢复的主要机制;在国际上率先开展了支架材料结合细胞引导完全性脊髓损伤再生修复的临床研究,使得我国脊髓损伤再生修复的临床转化研究走在了世界前列.在国家政策的大力支持下,脊髓损伤再生修复系列产品必将填补市场空白,造福患者.

Spinal cord injury(SCI)is a devastating condition and its repair remains challenging owing to the inhibitory environment of the injury site.However,the development of regenerative medicine has resulted in significant progresses in SCI repair including regenerative microenvironment reconstruction,regenerative mechanisms exploration,and clinical transformation.China has witnessed some of these in the last two decades.Neural scaffolds with independent intellectual property rights have been developed.These scaffolds can specifically combine with growth factors or stem cells to reconstruct a feasible microenvironment that is conducive to neural regeneration.Animal models of completely transected SCI with large defects have been established and it has been proposed that neuronal relay is the main mechanism of motor recovery in animals with complete SCI.Based on preclinical studies,the first clinical study on the repair of patients with complete SCI guided by functional neural scaffolds was performed.This has contributed to the progress of clinical translational research on SCI in China.Such research projects are generally supported by grants from the Strategic Priority Research Program of the Chinese Academy of Sciences,the National Natural Science Foundation of China,and the National Key Research and Development Program of China.With additional support from national grants and relevant research policies,clinical products for SCI repair will benefit patients in the near future.