知识学习的体验属性及其教学意蕴

The Experience of Knowledge Acquisition and Its Implications in Teaching

知识学习的体验属性是指知识学习不纯粹是靠理解和记忆来进行的理性活动,亦是需要通过体验才能完成的一种亲历性、情感性、领悟性的活动。知识只有通过体验才能转化为素养,否则它只是以信息的方式存储在大脑中。知识学习的体验属性是知识学习的价值所在,它为课程设计的开放性提供了方向,为教师优质化地开展教学活动提供了可能,亦为学生个性化地发展提供了空间。为增强知识学习的体验性,教学中应倡导直接参与,强调具身性体验;创设适当情境,引发替代性体验;释放创造活力,建构想象性体验;活化知识情境,促进移情性体验。

The experience of knowledge learning means that knowledge learning is not only a rational activity relying on understanding and memory,but also a process of experience,which includes personal experience,emotion and comprehension.Knowledge can be transformed into competences only by experience;otherwise,it is merely stored in the brain as information.The experience of knowledge learning,which implies the value of knowledge leaming,offers the direction for the open curriculum,the possibility for teachers to carry out high-quality teaching activities,and the space for students'individual development.To enhance the experience of knowledge acquisition,teachers are supposed to advocate direct participation and emphasize personal experience;create proper situations and trigger alteiTiative experience;stimulate creativity and construct imaginative experience;and activate the knowledge situation and promote empath experience.