中国收入差距与产业结构调整互动关系的实证分析

An Empirical Analysis of the Interactive Relationship between China’s Income Gap and Industrial Structure Adjustment

本文构建了收入差距与产业结构调整互动关系的分析框架,论述了两者相互作用的传导机制。利用1992—2017年中国省级面板数据,从全国和区域两个层面进行了实证检验,结果表明:一定的行业收入差距有利于中国产业结构调整升级,而产业结构调整将扩大中国行业收入差距,但对不同区域的城乡收入差距影响不同,将扩大东部地区的城乡收入差距,缩小中西部地区的城乡收入差距。据此,本文提出,在产业结构调整升级的过程中,要结合不同区域、不同行业劳动力供给情况,制定合理的产业发展规划,减少结构性失业。要科学确定不同区域城镇化发展重点,东部地区主要提升第三产业规模和质量,中西部地区主要发展基础设施、提升第二产业规模和质量。要加大对低收入群体、中西部贫困地区教育投入力度,提高劳动力素质,扩宽就业渠道,实现产业结构和劳动力结构同步优化。

This paper constructs an analytical framework for the interaction between income gap and industrial restructuring,and discusses the transmission mechanism of the interaction between the two.Using the provincial-level panel data from 1992 to 2017,empirical tests were conducted at the national and regional levels.The results show that a certain industry income gap is conducive to China’s industrial restructuring and upgrading,and industrial restructuring will expand the income gap of China’s industry.However,the impact of urban-rural income gaps in different regions will be different,which will widen the urban-rural income gap in the eastern region and narrow the urban-rural income gap in the central and western regions.Based on this,this paper proposes that in the process of industrial restructuring and upgrading,it is necessary to combine the labor supply situation of different regions and different industries,formulate a reasonable industrial development plan,and reduce structural unemployment.It is necessary to scientifically determine the key points of urbanization development in different regions.The eastern region mainly promotes the scale and quality of the tertiary industry.The central and western regions mainly develop infrastructure and enhance the scale and quality of the secondary industry.It is necessary to increase investment in low-income groups and poverty-stricken areas in the central and western regions,improve the quality of the labor force,broaden the employment channels,and achieve simultaneous optimization of the industrial structure and labor structure.