社会遵从的过程及归因分析

The Process and Attribution Analysis of Social Conformity

归因就是人对行为原因的解释和推论。传统的观点主要将社会遵从归因为情境因素,认为规范影响和信息影响是遵从的原因,遵从是“由于真实或想象的他人压力而产生的一致性行为”。根据行为变化的内外因关系原理,内因是社会遵从形成的根据。社会遵从的过程就是人对社会信息的心理加工形成的反射或推理的动机性选择过程;根据人对社会信息的心理加工水平,可以将遵从分为内隐遵从与外显遵从,同时,也可以根据遵从的动机内容是认知的、情感的或功利的性质,将遵从分为认从、顺从和服从三种类型。从众是一种特殊遵从形式。遵从的过程及内归因分析,对于遵从理论的发展及其在教育、管理和服务等各个领域的应用有着一定的学术价值和实践价值。

The attribution is the explanation and inference of the cause of the behavior.The traditional view mainly attributes social conformity to situational factors,and holds that normative influence and informational influence are the reasons for conformity.Conformity is a consistent behavior due to the real or imagined pressure of others.According to the principle of internal and external causes of behavior change,internal causes are the basis of social conformity.The process of social conformity is the dynamic selection process of reflection or reasoning formed by the psychological processing of social information.According to the level of psychological processing of social information,conformity is divided into implicit and explicit conformity.At the same time,according to the motivation of conformity,the nature of cognition,emotion and utility can be divided into three types:abidance,compliance and obedience.Herding behavior is a special form of conformity.The process of conformity and the thought of internal attributions are of great academic and practical value to the development of conformity theory and its application in education,management,service and other fields.