“欲多而物寡”则争——荀子政治哲学的逻辑前提和出发点

The Logical Premise And Starting Point of Xunzi’s Political Philosophy

作为一门规范性学科,政治哲学的思考总有其自身的逻辑前提和出发点,并借此前提和出发点来阐明为何要建立秩序、由谁来建立秩序以及建立什么样的秩序等。荀子政治哲学的逻辑前提和出发点在于他反思性地着眼于人性欲望的贪得无厌以及欲望对象的有限和稀缺此一根源性的矛盾,并由此逼显出惟待圣人"制礼义"以去乱止争,人类方能避免"争乱穷"乃至"悖乱相亡"的结论。荀子所论融洽周到,理气条贯,在先秦乃至后世儒学中皆占有特殊的地位和意义。

As a normative discipline,the thinking of political philosophy always has its own logical premise and starting point,whereby to explain why order should be established,by whom to established the order and what order should be established and so on.The logical premise and starting point of xunzi’s political philosophy lies in that he reflexively focuses on the original contradiction which shown the acquisitive desire of human nature and the limited object of desire,and from this forced to show that only when the sage-king make the ritual to stop chaos,human beings can avoid conflicts and poverty and even the destruction.Xunzi’s discourse is coherent as well as thoughtful and rational,which occupies a special position and significance in pre-Qin period and even in later Confucianism.