固本止咳平喘颗粒对咳嗽变异性哮喘大鼠肺组织病理及Th1/Th2类细胞因子的影响

Effects of Guben Zhike Pingchuan Granule on Lung Histopathology and Th1/Th2 Cytokines in Rats with Cough Variant Asthma

目的:探讨固本止咳平喘颗粒对咳嗽变异性哮喘(CVA)大鼠肺组织病理及Th1/Th2类细胞因子的影响,以揭示其可能的免疫学机制。方法:采用烟熏结合卵蛋白(OVA)激发致敏的方法建立CVA大鼠模型,将大鼠随机分为空白对照组,模型对照组,固本止咳平喘颗粒低、中、高剂量组和地塞米松片组。记录辣椒素诱咳时7 min内大鼠的咳嗽次数,并观察肺泡灌洗液(BALF)中白细胞介素4(IL-4)、γ干扰素(IFN-γ)水平及肺组织病理学改变。结果:与模型对照组比较,固本止咳平喘颗粒中、高剂量组和地塞米松片组大鼠咳嗽次数显著减少(P<0.05或P<0.01);固本止咳平喘颗粒高剂量组大鼠BALF中IL-4水平明显降低(P<0.05),固本止咳平喘颗粒各剂量组和地塞米松片组大鼠BALF中INF-r水平和INF-r/IL-4比值明显升高(P<0.05或P<0.01);固本止咳平喘颗粒各剂量组可以改善肺泡间隔的变化,减轻炎性细胞浸润程度。结论:固本止咳平喘颗粒能明显改善CVA大鼠咳嗽症状,减轻其肺组织炎性细胞浸润,其机制可能与调控Th1/Th2失衡有关。

Objective: To explore the effects of Guben Zhike Pingchuan Granule on lung histopathology and Th1/Th2 cytokines in rats with cough variant asthma(CVA) and reveal its possible immunological mechanism. Methods: The CVA rats model were established by ovalbumin(OVA) combined with smoking stimulate sensitization, and the rats were randomly divided into blank control group, model control group, Guben Zhike Pingchuan Granule low, medium and high dose groups and dexamethasone tablet group. The cough frequency of capsaicin induced cough in 7 min was recorded. The interleukin-4(IL-4) and interferon-gamma(IFN-γ) levels in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid(BALF) and pathological changes of lung tissues were observed. Results: Compared with the model control group, the cough frequency of rats in the middle and high dose groups of Guben Zhike Pingchuan Granule and the dexamethasone tablet groups was significantly decreased(P<0.05 or P<0.01). Compared with the model control group, the levels of IL-4 in BALF of rats in the high dose group of Guben Zhike Pingchuan Granule were significantly lower(P<0.05), and the levels of INF-γ and the ratio of INF-r/IL-4 in BALF of rats in the dose groups of Guben Zhike Pingchuan Granule and dexamethasone tablets were significantly higher(P<0.05 or P<0.01). Each dose of Guben Zhike Pingchuan Granules could improve the alveolar septum and reduce the degree of inflammatory cell infiltration. Conclusion: Guben Zhike Pingchuan Granule could significantly improve cough symptoms and reduce inflammatory cell infiltration in lung tissue of CVA rats, and its mechanism may be related to the regulation of Th1/Th2 imbalance.