改善药物跨血脑肿瘤屏障入瘤方法的研究进展

Novel Methods on Improving Drugs Across the Blood-brain Tumor Barrier into the Tumor

由于血脑屏障/血脑肿瘤屏障的存在,脑部肿瘤的治疗受到了极大限制,近年来,一些新技术的应用,一定程度上改善了血脑屏障的通透性,提高了药物疗效。然而恶性肿瘤导致血脑屏障紧密连接缝隙变大、毛细血管出现渗漏,在渗漏性的血脑屏障和新生血管与恶性脑肿瘤组织之间形成了胶质瘤化疗的另一屏障--血脑肿瘤屏障,极大地限制了药物向肿瘤内部的渗透和累积。笔者查阅了近些年国内外的相关资料并对此进行分析、归纳和总结,剖析了血脑肿瘤屏障的基本结构特点,从联合用药、制剂技术、物理技术和生物技术几个方面阐述了已被证实能改善药物跨血脑肿瘤屏障入瘤的研究概况,以期探讨脑部肿瘤的综合治疗方法。

The treatment of brain tumors is greatly limited due to the presence of the blood-brain barrier/blood-brain tumor barrier.In recent years,the application of some new technologies has improved the permeability of the blood-brain barrier and improved the curative effect.However,malignant tumors cause the gap between the tight connections to be larger,and capillary leakage appears.Another barrier to glioma chemotherapy,the blood-brain tumor barrier,is formed among the leaky blood-brain barrier,the neovascular and malignant brain tumor tissues,which greatly limits the penetration and accumulation of drugs into the tumor.The author has reviewed relevant information at home and abroad in recent years,and then analyzed and summarized.This article not only analyzed the structural characteristics of the blood-brain tumor barrier,but also reviewed the technologies and methods which had been proved to improve the drug across the blood-brain tumor barrier such as drug combination,novel formulation technology,physical technology and biotechnology,aiming to explore the comprehensive treatment of brain tumors.