外语深度教育与通识教育之辨析——Tochon的《世界语言与文化深度教育法》评介

An analysis of foreign language in-depth education and general education——A review of Tochon’s Help Them Learn A Language Deeply: Deep Approach to World Languages and Cultures

进入21世纪,深度学习和深度教学备受学界关注。《世界语言与文化深度教育法》从概念、理论到应用对深度(教育)法做了详细介绍。深度(教育)法指出:要想实现真正意义的个性化学习,学生必须是课程的建构者,从丰富的资源中选择适合自己的最近发展区,这种选择会一直是语言与文化的特性。最近身份发展区会变得更为重要,这就是身份的特性,语言学习必须经历学徒期身份,基于项目的学习法优于基于结果和标准的学习法。主张(单)学科间、跨学科间、超学科间知识实行深度融合。深度教育与通识教育是相对的,外语教育既是通识教育也是深度教育。

Deep learning and deep teaching are becoming common buzz words in the academic world in the 21 st century.The Deep Approach(DA)to World Languages and Cultures makes profound recommendations to DA from its concept,theories and applications.DA points out that a student must become a curricular builder if personalized learning will be achieved.The student should choose his suitable Zone of Proximal Development(ZPD)from vast resources.This choice is always the characteristic of languages and cultures.In recent years,the Zone of Proximal Identity Development(ZIPD)is becoming more important and this is the identity feature.Language learners must experience an apprenticeship and project-based learning is better than a result-and-standard-based one.DA advocates a deep integration of intradisciplinary,interdisciplinary and transdisciplinary knowledge.The author proposes that deep education(DE)and general education(GE)are relative and foreign language education is both GE and DE.