角蛋白在中耳胆脂瘤病理过程中的作用及研究进展

The research progress of keratin′s roles in the pathology of middle ear cholesteatoma

角蛋白(keratin)是上皮细胞中间丝细胞骨架的主要成分,具有保护上皮细胞完整性以及维护其正常功能的作用。角蛋白的不同表达可导致上皮不同的增殖及分化状态,故可作为上皮角质形成细胞增殖、分化和迁移改变的标记。中耳胆脂瘤是常见的耳科疾病之一,病理上主要表现为角质化鳞状上皮过度增殖、角蛋白碎片堆积,具有过度增殖和侵袭破骨的特征。本文回顾近年来中耳胆脂瘤与角蛋白相关的研究进展,从"增殖"和"破骨"两方面来阐释角蛋白在中耳胆脂瘤病理生理过程中可能的作用,同时探讨存在的问题、展望未来的研究方向。

Keratin(K)is the main component of the epithelial cell mesenchymal cytoskeleton,which protects the integrity of epithelial cells and maintains the function of normal epithelial cells.The expression of keratin affects epidermal proliferation and differentiation,and so as to be used as a marker for proliferation,differentiation and migration of keratinocytes.Middle ear cholesteatoma is one of the common ear diseases.In the middle ear cholesteatoma,keratinocytes over-proliferate and keratin debris accumulates.In this paper,we reviewed the recent studies on middle ear cholesteatoma and explained the possible mechanisms of keratin in the pathogenesis of middle ear cholesteatoma from the aspects of"proliferation"and"bone resorption".At the same time,the existing problems as well as the prospect of the future research were discussed.