计及需求响应的微网现货市场运行策略

Microgrid Operation Strategy With Demand Response in Spot Electricity Market

为有效促进现货市场下微网的经济运行,考虑计及需求响应的微网市场化经济调度策略,提出了基于现货市场经济调度和基于安全约束滚动调度的两级优化模型。在现货市场中,微网以日运行收益最大和实时调节费用最小为目标,分别构建了计及用户负荷需求侧响应的日前市场优化模型和实时市场调节模型。在实时运行中,采用模型预测控制技术,以联络线传输功率、微网可控单元出力调整量最小为目标,将最优潮流调度问题转化为一个二次非线性规划模型求解,在提高微网新能源发电功率消纳的同时减低线路损耗。为确保微网在长时间尺度上服从最优日调度计划,在短时间尺度上实现最优潮流运行,采取"实时市场调整优化遵从日前调度结果、滚动优化调度遵从实时调整结果"的策略。最后,通过算例分析验证了所提方法能有效提高微网分布式可再生能源的消纳能力。

In order to effectively promote economic operation of microgrid in spot market, this paper proposes a two-level optimization model consisting of economic dispatch on the context of electricity market and rolling scheduling based on safety constraints. In the first level, both day-ahead(DA) market bidding optimization and real-time(RT) market power balancing model with customer demand response(DR) are formulated in the spot market, on the purpose of maximal DA operation profit and minimal RT balancing cost. In RT operation, model predictive control(MPC) technology is adopted to minimize the transmission power of tie line and the output adjustment of the controllable unit of microgrid. Moreover, the RT OPF problem of microgrid is transformed into a quadratic nonlinear programming model and solved, thus accommodation of renewable energy is improved and line losses are reduced. In order to ensure that microgrid operation follows optimal DA scheduling plan on a long-term scale and achieve OPF operation on a short-term scale, this paper adopts the strategy of RT market power balancing complying with DA scheduling results and rolling optimization scheduling complying with RT power balancing. Finally, extensive simulation results prove that the presented strategy effectively improves accommodation of distributed renewable energy of microgrid.