四川湘语古全浊声母今读音考察

On the Present Pronunciation of MC Voiced Initials in the Xiang Dialect in Sichuan Province

四川湘语古浊塞音、浊塞擦音今已全部清化,但浊擦音还保留在部分湘语里,跟原居地湘语一致。全浊仄声字均是不送气清音,和西南官话演变规律相同,而全浊平声字清化后,各湘语点送气与否差异较大。从同一方言点看,常用平声字保持湘语不送气的特点多于不常用字。古全浊声母除了发生清化,还有部分发生了浊音弱化,主要表现为擦音化和零声母化,浊音弱化是全浊声母保留浊音时期发生的自然音变。

In the Xiang dialect in Sichuan province,with MC voiced plosives and affricates now devoicing,MC voiced fricatives have remained voiced in some spots,being identical with fricatives of the Xiang dialect in Hunan province.The oblique tones words of MC voiced initials are all unaspirated voiceless,conforming the evolution rules in southwestern mandarin.While after devoicing,aspiration differs in MC voiced pingsheng words among the Xiang dialect spots.In one dialect spot,the unaspirated characteristics are more in commonly used pingsheng words than uncommonly used ones.Besides devoicing,some of MC voiced initials are weakening,mainly as fricatives and zero initials,which is naturally formed when the MC voiced initials remain voiced.