2004—2018年内蒙古自治区梅毒流行病学特征分析

Epidemiological characteristics of syphilis in Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region from 2004 to 2018

目的掌握内蒙古自治区梅毒疫情形势及流行病学特征,为制定有针对性的防控对策提供依据。方法对内蒙古自治区2004-2018年期间报告的梅毒病例资料进行描述性流行病学分析。结果内蒙古自治区梅毒报告发病率由2004年3.03/10万增至2018年45.89/10万,年均增长21.42%,其中2004-2014年增长速度较快,年均增长31.39%。全区12个地市(盟)均出现增长,发病率位于前3位的地区为锡林郭勒盟、乌海市、阿拉善盟。男女梅毒报告发病率均出现增长,女性增幅高于男性,男女性别比由2004年的1.29∶1下降至2018年的0.80∶1;高发年龄组为25~29岁,其次为20~24岁和30~34岁;20类职业(人群类别)中,以家务及待业报告病例数所占比例最高(33.97%),以农民增幅最大(38.07%)。隐性梅毒在全部梅毒中的构成比由2004年的16.90%增长到2018年69.36%。结论 2004-2018年期间内蒙古自治区梅毒报告发病率呈增长趋势,疫情波及地区和人群广泛,锡林郭勒盟、乌海市、阿拉善盟为高发地区,农民的梅毒防治工作需引起关注。

Objective To understand the epidemiological characteristics of syphilis in Inner Mongolia and provide scientific basis for the strategy development of syphilis prevention.Methods Descriptive epidemiological analysis was used to analyze the reported syphilis cases in all 12 prefectures in Inner Mongolia autonomous region from 2004 to 2018.Results The incidence rate of the reported syphilis increased from 3.03/100 000 in 2004 to 45.89/100 000 in 2018,with an average annual growth of 31.39%,and an increase in all 12 prefectures.The top three areas with the highest incidence were Xilingol,Wuhai,and Alxa prefectures.The reported incidence of syphilis increased in both men and women,and the increase in women was higher than that in men.The sex ratio of men and women decreased from 1.29∶1 in 2004 to 0.80∶1 in 2018.The age group with high incidence was 25-29 years,followed by20-24 years and 30-34 years.Among the 20 categories of occupations(group categories),the proportion of reported cases related to housework and the unemployed accounted for 33.97%,the highest,and the farmers had the largest growing rate(38.07%).The proportion of latent syphilis increased from 16.90% in 2004 to 69.36% in 2018.Conclusion During 2004-2018,the incidence of reported syphilis in Inner Mongolia is rapidly increasing,and affects a wide range of areas and various groups.Xilin Gol,Wuhai,and Alxa prefectures are heavily affected by the incidence.The prevention and treatment of syphilis among farmers should be strengthened.