深圳市自然条件下温度趋势对白纹伊蚊繁殖的影响

Effect of temperature trend on the reproduction of Aedes albopictus under natural conditions in Shenzhen, China

目的研究自然条件下温度对白纹伊蚊繁殖的影响,为预测其种群动态及蚊虫控制提供数据支持。方法2016-2018年每月在深圳市内选择居民区、医院及公园外环境各至少1处布放诱蚊诱卵器,通过回收的诱蚊诱卵器分析在自然条件下温度趋势对诱蚊诱卵器指数(MOI)及产卵率的影响。采用单样本t检验进行一组样本内的差异性比较。结果 MOI超过登革热控制阈值(MOI>5)的温度范围为25~30℃,其中最高值出现在25~26℃之间,MOI为9.41±7.47。白纹伊蚊密度1-5月快速升高,5-6月达到最高点,之后逐渐下降。产卵率在温度上升过程的2-7月之间一直维持在较高水平,平均产卵率为(73.61±41.32)%^(100.00±0.00)%,而在温度下降过程的8月至翌年2月间,产卵率随温度逐渐下降而下降,平均产卵率由(62.55±21.64)%下降至(18.32±34.63)%。结论当白纹伊蚊密度在温度为25~26℃、月份为5-6月时,白纹伊蚊的产卵率与温度变化的趋势直接相关,在同等温度条件下,处在温度上升趋势中的白纹伊蚊产卵率高于处在温度下降趋势中的产卵率。

Objective To investigate the effect of temperature trend on the reproduction of Aedes albopictus under natural conditions, and to provide data support for predicting population dynamics and mosquito control in Shenzhen, China.Methods Mosquito ovitraps were placed in at least one place each of residential areas, hospitals, and parks in Shenzhen monthly from 2016 to 2018, and the influence of temperature trend on the mosquito ovitrap index(MOI) and spawning rate(SR) of Ae. albopictus under natural conditions was analyzed with recovered ovitraps. A one-sample t-test was used for comparison of samples in one group. Results The MOI in Shenzhen exceeded the dengue fever control threshold(MOI >5) at 25 ℃ to 30 ℃, and it peaked(9.41±7.47) at 25 ℃ to 26 ℃. The density of Ae. albopictus increased rapidly from January to May, resulting in the highest value between May and June, and then gradually decreased. The SR was maintained at a relatively high level between February and July along with the rising temperature, and the average SR increased from(73.61 ± 41.32)% to(100.00 ± 0.00)%;then the SR decreased gradually along with the declining temperature from August to February next year, and the average SR decreased from(62.55±21.64)% to(18.32±34.63)%.Conclusion When the density of Ae. albopictus peaks at 25 ℃ to 26 ℃ from May to June, the SR of Ae. albopictus is directly related to the changing trend of temperature in Shenzhen, China. At the same temperature, the SR of Ae. albopictus in the rising trend of temperature is higher than that in the declining trend.