美国各州数学领域早期儿童学习标准的内容分析

Content Analysis of Early Childhood Learning Standards in Mathematics Field in Different States in USA

对美国各州数学领域早期儿童学习标准的内容进行分析发现,美国各州数学领域早期儿童学习标准均包括数与运算、集合与模式、几何与空间关系、测量、数据分析与概率等五个子领域,强调计数原则的渗透,注重计数能力的培养;重视数字关系在运算学习中的基础作用;肯定集合在数学学习中的基础地位,遵循儿童模式认知的发展特点;注重推动儿童图形经验与空间方位经验的发展;突出测量活动中实际体验的价值;重视统计在发展儿童问题解决能力中的作用。

After analyzing early childhood learning standards in mathematics field in difierent states in USA,the researchers found that the standards of all states include numbers and operations,sets and patterns,geometry and space relation,measurement,data analysis and probability,emphasizing the permeation of counting principles and the cultivation of counting ability;the basic function of numerical relationship in operations is valued;the position of sets in mathematics learning is recognized and children's cognitive development characteristics are followed;the development of children's graphic experiences and space experiences is promoted;practical experiences in measuring activities are valued;and the function of statistics in developing children*s problem solving ability is also paid attention to.