4Podolny W, Muller J M. Construction and design of prestressed concrete segmental bridges[ M ]. New York: John Wiley & Sons, 1982:1 -36.
5Hieber D J, Wacker J M . State-of-the-art report on precast concrete systems for rapid construction of bridges [ R ]. Washington: Washington State Transportation Commission, Department of Transportation, WA - RD 594.1, 2005.
6Priestley M J N, Seible F,Calvi G M. Seismic design and retrofit of bridges[ M]. New York: John Wiley & Sons, 1996.
7Kwan W P, Billington S L. Unbonded posttensioned concrete bridge piers Ⅰ: Monotonic and cyclic analyses [ J ]. Journal of Bridge Engineering, 2003, 8(2): 92-101.
8Kwan W P, Billington S L. Unbonded posttensioned concrete bridge piers Ⅱ: Seismic analyses [ J ]. Journal of Bridge Engineering, 2003, 8 ( 2 ) : 102 -111.
9Billington S L, Barnes R W, Breen J E. A precast segmental substructure system for standard bridges[ J]. PCI Journal, 1999, 44 (4) : 56 -73.
10Billington S L, Barnes R W, Breen J E. Alternative substructure systems for standard highway bridges [ J ]. Journal of Bridge Engineering,2001,6 (2) : 87 -94.
