河北省片麻岩山地不同种植年限苹果园土壤酶活性研究

Study on soil enzyme activity of apple orchard with different planting years in gneiss mountain of Hebei Province

为了探讨不同种植年限对苹果园土壤酶活性的影响,以内丘县岗底村不同树龄(6 a、10 a、26 a、32 a)苹果园为研究对象,测定并分析了土壤过氧化氢酶、蔗糖酶、脲酶和碱性磷酸酶在不同种植年限及不同土层深度间的变化规律。结果表明:4种土壤酶活性均是随着土层深度的增加酶活性降低,随着种植年限的增大,酶活性变化规律不一致,在0~10 cm土层,过氧化氢酶活性随年限增加呈先上升后下降的趋势,在10~20 cm和20~40 cm呈先下降后上升趋势;在0~10 cm土层,土壤蔗糖酶活性随年限增加呈先上升后下降的趋势,在10~20 cm和20~40 cm呈先上升后下降再上升趋势;随着种植年限的增加,脲酶总体呈上升趋势,在10~20 cm土层,32 a生脲酶活性最大,达到0.328 mg/g;碱性磷酸酶活性在各土层均是呈现逐年增长的趋势;除蔗糖酶与碱性磷酸酶之间无明显相关性(0.161),其余不同种类酶活性之间均表现出极显著正相关性(P<0.01)。

In order to investigate the effects of different planting years on soil enzyme activity,the apple orchards of different ages(6 a,10 a,26 a,32 a)in Gangdi Village of Neiqiu county were used as research objects to determine and analyze soil catalase,sucrase,urease and alhaline phosphatase.The results showed that the activities of four enzymes decreased with the increase of soil depth,and the changes of enzymes activities were inconsistent with the increase of planting years.In the soil layer of 0-10 cm,the activities of catalase rose in the first stage,and then decreased with the increase of planting years.In the soil layer of 10-20 cm and 20-40 cm,the activity of catalase decreased in the first stage,and then rose.In the soil layer of 0-10 cm,the activities of sucrase rose in the first stage,and then decreased with the increase of planting years.In the soil layer of 10-20 cm and 20-40,the activity of sucrase rose in the first stage,then decreased and rose again at last.The activities of urease rose with the increase of planting years.In the soil layer of 10-20 cm,the activity of urease in soil of 32 year-old trees was the highest,reaching 0.328 mg/g.The activities of alkaline phosphatase rose with the increase of planting years.Except that there was no significant correlation between sucrase and alhaline phosphatase(0.161),the other enzymes showed extremely significant positive correlation(P<0.01).