营口鲅鱼圈广场植物群落景观评价及优化建议

Evaluation and optimization of plant community landscape in plazas of Yingkou Bayuquan area

在全面调查营口鲅鱼圈4个主要广场(山海广场、世纪广场、中兴广场、高铁站前广场)植物群落的基础上,对广场绿地的园林植物组成进行了统计分析,广场绿地常绿树种与落叶树种比为1∶5.55,广场绿地草本植物仅有8种,占11%,而藤本植物仅有2种,占2.8%。因此,应逐步丰富广场植物种类,尤其是增加常绿树种、垂直绿化树种和草本植物的比例;对植物群落运用层次分析法(AHP)进行景观评价,根据综合评价指数CEI的分级,调查的36个植物群落中,Ⅰ级群落3个,Ⅱ群落25个,Ⅲ群落7个,Ⅳ1个,广场植物群落景观整体良好;在Ⅱ、Ⅲ、Ⅳ植物群落中随机选择群落1~2个,对其配置模式进行分析,并提出了优化建议,供城市广场绿地植物景观营造参考。

A statistical analysis was made on the composition of garden plants in the green space of the plaza on the basis of a comprehensive survey of the plant communities in the four main plazas(Shanhai plaza,Century plaza,Zhongxing plaza,and High-speed railway station plaza)of Yingkou Bayuquan area.The analysis indicated that the ratio of evergreen tree species to deciduous tree species in square green space is 1∶5.55.There were only 8 kinds of herbaceous plants in the square green space,accounting for 11%,and only 2 kinds of liana plants,accounting for 2.8%.Therefore the variety of plaza tree species should be gradually enriched to increase the proportion of evergreen tree species,vertical green tree species and herbaceous plants.The landscape evaluation of the plant community using AHP was conducted.According to the classification of the comprehensive evaluation index CEI,3 of the 36 plant communities surveyed are ClassⅠcommunities,25 are ClassⅡcommunities,7 are ClassⅢcommunities,and 1 is ClassⅣcommunities,indicating that the plaza plant community landscape is overall good.Random selection of 1 to 2 communities in theⅡ,ⅢandⅣplant communities was analyzed,and the optimization suggestions were put forward to provide reference for the construction of green landscape in urban plazas.