海南宗族的“继承”研究

On the “Inheritance” of the Patriarchal Clan in Hainan

中国社会是一个继承性很强的社会,宗族的继承和析居一直是中国传统社会生活中的常态。所以,中国传统民间社会的家庭基本上维持在三代五口之家的规模上。一般而言,宗族的继承主要表现为血缘的继承、祭祀的继承,以及财产方面诸子平均分配的继承三个方面。然而,就目前而言,学界对宗族继承的三个方面还缺乏系统的研究。因此,文章以海南地区的宗族为例,来探讨宗族继承的一些民间通行做法,对围绕宗族继承的原则、宗族继承所起的各种纠纷,以及解决的具体途径、其中通行的各种民间规则、这些规则所包含的宗族伦理和道德观念等等经行详细地探讨,以期对继承这一事件在宗族社会的地位以及它对乡村家庭的意义有所了解。

Chinese society is a highly inherited society,and the inheritance and precipitation of the patriarchal clan has always been the normal state in traditional Chinese society.Therefore,the family in traditional Chinese civil society is basically maintained on the scale of five members in three generations.Generally speaking,the inheritance of the patriarchal clan is mainly manifested in three aspects:the inheritance of consanguinity,of sacrifice,and of the equal distribution of property.However,at present,there is still a lack of systematic studies on the three aspects of clan inheritance in the academic circle.Therefore,taking the clans in Hainan as an example,this paper attempts to discuss some popular practices of clan inheritance,the principles surrounding clan inheritance,various disputes arising from clan inheritance as well as the specific ways to solve them and delve into various popular folk rules and the clan ethics and moral concepts contained in them with a view to understanding the status of inheritance in clan society and its significance to rural families.