体育锻炼促进了健康公平吗？——体育锻炼对中国城乡居民抑郁风险的影响

Does Physical Activity Promote Health Equity?——Effect of the Physical Activity on the Residents’ Depression in China

降低居民的抑郁风险是提升其幸福感的重要举措。基于2016年中国劳动力动态调查数据,分析体育锻炼对中国城乡居民抑郁风险的影响,结果表明:1)体育锻炼具有较强的抗抑郁效应;2)体育锻炼促进了精神健康公平,它对中低教育水平、中低生活水平以及中低社会地位居民的抗抑郁效应更大,而对高教育水平、高生活水平以及高社会地位居民的抑郁风险无显著作用。中国城乡居民经常锻炼参与率仅达到23.6%,低社会经济地位群体参与率更低,故可以通过加强社区锻炼环境建设等方式,激发城乡居民积极参与锻炼,从而推动精神健康公平。

Mental disorders such as depression are a serious global public health problem.Based on the data of China Labor-force Dynamics Survey in 2016,the article examines the effect of physical activity(PA)on the depression among urban and rural residents in China.The results show:1)regular physical exercise reduces the depression risk;2)PA promotes mental health equity.PA has significant effect on the residents with low-middle education,low living condition,and low and medium status,and has no significant effect on the depression risk among residents with high education level,high living condition and high social status.Only 23.6%of residents in China participate in PA regularly,and the group with low socioeconomic status is even lower.Therefore,it is necessary to encourage the residents actively participate in PA by strengthening the community environment,which will promote mental health equity in China.