植物蛋白替代鱼粉对双齿围沙蚕生长、体组成及养殖底质总氮的影响

Effects of plant protein sources substitute of fish meal on growth, body composition and total nitrogen in cultural substances of Perinereis aibuhitensis

为探讨不同植物蛋白部分替代鱼粉对双齿围沙蚕(Perinereis aibuhitensis)生长、体成分和养殖底质总氮的影响,实验选取1800条初均重为(26.5±0.8)mg的沙蚕苗,随机分成6组,每组3个重复,分别饲喂对照饲料(FM,含鱼粉49%)和分别以豆粕、花生粕、棉粕、菜粕、发酵豆粕替代鱼粉的5种饲料(SM、PM、CM、RM和FSM,含鱼粉5%),饲养60 d。结果显示,与FM组相比,各组的存活率无显著差异(P>0.05),SM组和FSM组末均重、特定生长率、饲料系数和蛋白质效率与FM组比较均无显著差异(P>0.05),PM组末均重、特定生长率和蛋白质效率显著低于FM、SM组和FSM组,但末均重和蛋白效率显著高于CM组和RM组;FM、SM、PM组和FSM组沙蚕体蛋白无显著差异(P>0.05),CM组和RM组沙蚕体蛋白显著下降(P<0.05);SM组和FSM组与FM组三组间沙蚕养殖底质总氮无显著差异(P>0.05),FSM组和FM组沙蚕养殖底质总氮显著低于PM、CM组和RM组(P<0.05)。综上可知,豆粕和发酵豆粕是替代双齿围沙蚕饲料鱼粉的理想植物蛋白源。

In order to study the effect of different plant protein partial replacement of fish meal on the growth,body composition and total nitrogen of cultured substrate of fishworm Perinereis aibuhitensis,1800 aibuhitensis larvae with an initial weight of(26.5±0.8)mg were selected in this experiment,di⁃vided into 6 groups with 3 replicates in each group.Control feed(FM,containing 49%fish meal),soy⁃bean meal,peanut meal,cotton aphid,rapeseed meal and fermented soybean meal(SM,PM,CM,RM and FSM,containing 5%fish meal)were used to feed fishworm respectively.After 60 days,the results showed that there was no significant difference in the survival rate compared with the FM group(P>0.05),and there was no significant difference in the end average weight,specific growth rate,feed coef⁃ficient and protein efficiency between the SM and FSM groups(P>0.05).The end average weight,specif⁃ic growth rate and protein efficiency of the PM group were significantly lower than those of the FM,SM and FSM groups,but significantly higher than the CM and RM groups(P<0.05).There was no sig⁃nificant difference in body protein between FM,SM,PM and FSM groups(P>0.05),but the body pro⁃tein decreased significantly in CM and RM groups.There was no significant difference in to⁃tal nitrogen of culture substrate between SM and FSM and FM(P<0.05).Culture substrate total ni⁃trogen of in the FSM and FM groups is signifi⁃cantly lower than the PM,CM,and RM groups.In summary,soybean meal and fermented soy⁃bean meal are ideal plant protein sources to replace fish meal inPerinereis aibuhitensis feed.