肉质改良剂对大鳞鲃生长、肌肉结构及抗氧化能力的影响

Effect of muscle quality improver on growth, muscle texture and antioxidant ability of Bulatmai barbell(Luciobarbus capito)

为探讨长期投喂肉质改良剂对大鳞鲃生长、肌肉结构及抗氧化力的影响,选取初始体重为(311.32±2.54)g,初始体长(35.79±2.33)cm健康大鳞鲃成鱼240尾,随机分为4组(每组3个重复,每个重复20尾鱼),分别投喂添加0、6.5%、10.5%和14.5%肉质改良剂的等氮等能饲料,依次标记为Y1~Y4组,其中Y1组为对照组。饲养75 d后测定大鳞鲃生长指标,各组织(鳃、脑、肝胰脏、中肾、脾脏)及血清中超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)、过氧化氢酶(CAT)和丙二醛(MDA),背部生肌肉肌纤维直径和质构特性。结果显示:Y2、Y3组大鳞鲃增重率、蛋白质效率显著提高,其中Y3组达到最大值,Y2组次之(P<0.05);背部生肌肉硬度和咀嚼度最大值均出现在Y3组,Y4组次之,分别比Y1组提高了37.52%、24.82%、51.6%和39.7%(P<0.05);胶着度最大值出现在Y3组(P<0.05),比Y1组提高25.59%;各试验组肌纤维直径均有不同程度的降低,其中Y3组直径最小,比Y1组降低29.65%(P<0.05);肉质改良剂能提高大鳞鲃抗氧化能力,其中Y3组SOD、CAT活性相对高,而MDA含量下降也最为明显。总之,肉质改良剂可效提高大鳞鲃生长和抗氧化能力,改善肌肉结构。建议大鳞鲃饲料中肉质改良剂添加水平为10.5%。

The present study aimed to evaluate the effects of muscle quality improver on the growth,muscle structure and antioxidant ability of Bulatmai barbell after long-term feeding.Two hundred forty healthy adult Bulatmai barbell[the initial body weight of(311.32±2.54)g,and ini⁃tial body length of(35.79±2.33)cm]were select⁃ed,and then randomly divided into 4 groups with three replicates per group and 20 fish per replicate,and Fish in the 4 groups were fed isonitroge⁃nous and isoenergic diets supplemented with 0,6.5%,10.5%,and 14.5%muscle qualityimprovers,and marked as Y1 to Y4 groups in order,Y1 group was set as the control group.After a 75 days feed⁃ing trial,the activities of superoxide dis-mutase(SOD),catalase(CAT)and malondialdehyde(MDA)in serum and various tissues(gill,brain,hepatopancreas,middle kidney and spleen),the diameter and tex⁃ture characteristics of muscle fibers in the back of fish.The results showed that the weight gain rate and protein efficiency in Y2 and Y3 groups were significantly improved,and the maximum was found in Y3 group,followed by the Y2 group(P<0.05).The maximum of muscle hardness and chewiness in the back of fish achieved in the Y3 group(P<0.05),and the Y4 group was the second(P<0.05),which was 37.52%,24.82%,51.6%,and 39.7%higher than that of Y1 group,respectively.The maximum of adhesiveness appeared in the Y3 group(P<0.05),which was 25.59%higher than that of Y1 group.The muscle fiber diameter in test groups decreased to different extents,and the smallest diameter appeared in the Y3 group,which was 29.65%lower than that of Y1 group(P<0.05).The muscle quality improver could improve the antioxidant ability of the Bulatmai barbell,and the activities of SOD and CAT in the Y3 group reached to the maximum,and MDA content decreased obviously.In conclusion,the mus⁃cle quality improver can effectively increase the growth and antioxidant ability,improve the muscle structure of the Bulatmai barbell.It is suggested that dietary the muscle quality improver level of Bu⁃latmai barbell is 10.5%.