1927-1937年南京国民政府警察选用制度考论

On the Police Selection System of Nanjing National Government from 1927 to 1937

南京国民政府在成立后的十年中,不断调整和修订警察选用制度,籍此充实警察队伍。一方面,通过法定资格任命制、公开考试选用制和警官学校毕业生分发制等方式,多途径选任警察官及警察行政人员;另一方面,通过限定条件招募制和警士警长教育培训分发制等渠道录用长警,不断充实基层警力,从而为该时期警察队伍的充实提供了制度保障。不过,当时的警察选用制度也存在一些缺陷,制约了警察队伍建设。因此,完善警察官的选任条件与程序,扩大考试选拔警察行政人员规模,提高长警的地位与待遇,健全长警录用机制,就成为该时期警政制度建设亟待解决的问题。

In the first decade of the Nanjing National Government, the police team construction system has been adjusted and improved continuously. On one hand, police officers and police administrative personnel were recruited through statutory qualification appointment, public exams and from the police officer school graduates. On the other hand, police agents were recruited through the restricted qualification recruitment and the police sergeant education and training distribution as well as other channels. The multi-directional police recruitment mechanism provided institutional guarantee for the police force construction during this period. However, due to the institutional defects in the recruitment system, the construction of the police team was restricted to some extent. Improving the procedures for selecting police officers, expanding the scale of exams and selection of police officers, improving the status and treatment of police agents, and improving the recruitment mechanism for police agents have become an urgent problem which needed to be solved in the construction of the police system of the Nanjing National Government.