基于代际流动的视角:上大学如何改变人们的命运

Based on the Perspective of Intergenerational Flow: Does Higher Education Change One’s Life

以职业为基础的中国社会阶层分化日趋成熟,新兴职业、高校扩招以及社会经济制度完善,上大学是否改变人们命运?文章使用CGSS(2010、2012和2013年)数据,运用流动分析及Logit模型,分析接受高等教育以及扩招前后的代际社会阶层流动、继承和上升概率。结果发现,高等教育可以缩小阶层间差距,进一步推进整体社会阶层向上流动;随着高等教育规模的扩大,凸显高等教育对社会阶层公平流动的价值取向。因此,应结合社会外部机制,发挥高等教育对社会阶层公平流动的"均衡"效应。

The career-based Chinese social stratification is becoming more and more mature,the new occupation,the enrollment expansion of the higher education and the improvement of social and economic system are more and more perfect,does the higher education change one’s life?Using the data of CGSS(2010,2012 and 2013),this paper uses flow analysis and Logit model to analyze the mobility,inheritance and rising probability of intergenerational social stratum before and after the expansion of higher education.The empirical results show that higher education can narrow the gap between the different of social stratum,and further promote the upward movement of the whole social stratum.With the expansion of higher education,the value of the fair flow of higher education to the social stratum is highlighted.Therefore,we should combine the external mechanism of society to give play to the"balanced"effect of higher education on the fair mobility of social stratum.