胼胝体发育不全导致智力低下CT征象分析

Evaluation of CT Features in Patients with Mental Retardation Caused by Corpus Callosum Hypoplasia

目的探讨胼胝体发育不全致智力低下患者的CT影像学特征。方法回顾性方便收集该院2012年1月—2018年6月21例胼胝体发育不全致智力低下患者的临床及CT影像资料,根据临床表现分为单纯智力低下(A组)和智力低下合并其他神经系统症状(B组)两组,由2名神经影像学医师分别观察并记录所有患者CT征象,达成一致后将其归类为胼胝体缺如(I型),部分缺如(II型),以及完整性存在但呈整体性或部分性变薄变细变小(III型)三型,同时观察并统计患者的其他神经系统合并征象。采用χ2检验分析两组间CT征象有无差异。结果CT分3型包括胼胝体缺如(I型)4例,部分缺如(II型)6例,以及完整性存在但呈整体性或部分性变薄变细变小(III型)11例;A组13例,B组8例,其中I型2例,II型4例,III型7例,B组8例,其中I型2例,II型2例,III型4例。两组间年龄与性别差异无统计学意义(P>0.05),CT征象分型分布,差异无统计学意义(χ2=0.310,P=0.860);合并其他神经系统征象者A组5例,B组7例,组间,差异无统计学意义(χ2=3.070,P=0.080)。结论CT检查能够对胼胝体发育不全的类型及伴发畸形提供客观依据,但不同临床表现的患者在CT征象上不具有特异性。

Objective To investigate the CT imaging features of mental retardation caused by corpus callosum hypoplasia.Methods Convenient retrospective collection of clinical and CT imaging data of 21 cases of Corpus callosum dystrophy from January 2012 to June 2018,divided into two groups:simple mental retardation(group A)and mental retardation combined with other neurological symptoms(group B)according to clinical manifestations.The CT features of all patients were reviewed by 2 neuro-radiologists independently,and then were recorded as type I of corpus callosum deficiency,type II of partial deficiency,and type III of holistic or partial thinning with integrity,after agreement of radiologists.Meanwhile,the other central nervous system comorbidities in CT were reviewed and recorded.The chi-squared test was used to compare the difference of CT features between two groups.Results There were 13 patients in group A and 8 cases in group B.No significant difference were found in age and gender between the two groups.2 cases of type I,4 cases of type II,and 7 cases of type III were found in group A,while 2 cases of type I,2 ases of type II,and 4 cases of type III were found in group B.There was no difference in types of CT features between groups,the difference was statistically significant(χ2=0.310,P=0.860).There were 5 cases with other central nervous system comorbidities in group A and 7 cases in group B.No difference was found in CT features with or without comorbidities,the difference was statistically significant(χ2=3.070,P=0.080).Conclusion Severe corpus callosum hypoplasia has typical features in CT images,however,there seems no specificity in CT features among patients with different clinical manifestations.