雷电流分量对碳纤维增强型复合材料层合板的雷击损伤效应

Lightning Damage Effects of Lightning Current Components on Carbon Fiber Reinforced Polymer Laminates

为了研究不同时序组合方式的多重连续雷电流分量作用下碳纤维增强型复合材料(carbon fibre reinforced plastics,CFRP)层合板的雷击损伤特性,通过雷击损伤区域形态观察,红外温度测试,C扫描探测等手段,对比了多重连续雷电流分量作用下CFRP的雷击损伤类型及损伤程度,研究影响CFRP雷击损伤深度和面积的因素,并探索多重连续雷电流分量在CFRP层合板上的散流特性与作用机理。研究发现:CFRP层合板的雷击损伤类型包括纤维断裂、烧蚀,树脂热解,铺层分离等。在论文实验条件下,当雷电流A、B、C及D分量连续作用时,损伤面积达2790 mm2,损伤深度约为1.28 mm。在多重连续雷电流脉冲作用过程中,雷电损伤深度主要与上升梯度高的雷电流A及D分量产生的局部热效应、冲击力效应及介质击穿有关;而CFRP层合板雷击损伤面积与表面温度的增加主要受到作用时间长、转移电荷量大的雷电流C分量的影响。对多重连续雷电流损伤效应的研究能够加深对雷击作用过程的理解,为CFRP雷电直接效应测试标准的完善、CFRP结构的优化和设计提供实验依据与理论基础。

To evaluate the lightning damage effect of multiple continuous sequential lightning current components with different timing combinations on carbon fiber reinforced polymer(CFRP)laminates,we adopted the means,such as visual inspection,infrared temperature measurement,and ultrasonic C-scan,and compared the lightning damage types and degrees to investigate the factors influencing the damage properties of CFRP.Moreover,we analyzed the flowing process and interaction mechanism of multiple continuous lightning components on CFRP laminates.The experimental results indicated that the CFRP laminates suffered from serious lightning damage,including fracture and erosion of carbon fibers,resin pyrolysis,and layer delamination.The damage area and depth were approximately 2790 mm2 and 1.28 mm in the“ABCD”test mode.In multiple continuous sequential lightning strike tests,the damage depth was found to be closely related with lightning components A and D,which were accompanied by the mechanical impact effect,the dielectric breakdown effect and the local thermal effect.The increases of surface temperature and damage area after lightning strike were mainly affected by the lightning component C with substantial thermal effect.The study of the lightning damage effect of multiple continuous sequential lightning components can deepen the understanding of the process of lightning strikes;and may provide experimental support and a theoretical basis for the optimization and design of CFRP structure and the improvement of a lightning direct effect test method for CFRP laminates in the future.