重庆地区柑橘叶片的微量元素含量状况

Characterization of microelement status in citrus leaves in Chongqing

在重庆14个柑橘主产县(区)采集871个果园的柑橘叶片样品,对5种必需微量营养元素(Fe、Mn、Zn、Cu和B)进行定量分析。结果表明:柑橘叶片的Fe、Mn、Zn、Cu和B的含量范围分别为18.00~362.10、5.54~219.09、1.00~83.95、0.55~40.28、7.19~435.49 mg/kg;叶片中Fe、Mn、Zn、Cu和B含量不足的果园比例分别占8.73%、30.43%、91.50%、45.35%和27.67%,含量适宜的分别占53.73%、68.31%、8.50%、44.89%和65.56%,含量超标的分别占37.54%、1.26%、0.00%、9.76%和6.77%;叶片Mn和B含量适宜的果园所占比例较高,缺Zn果园多且普遍,叶片Fe超标的果园比例最大。大部分柑橘园微量元素丰缺并存,微量元素平衡状况较差,5种或4种微量元素含量均处于适宜水平的果园比例仅分别为0.69%和12.06%,生产上需重视微量元素的补充与平衡。

To evaluate microelement status in citrus leaves in Chongqing,871 leaf samples were collected from 871 citrus orchards in 14 main citrus production counties(districts),and 5 essential microelements were quantitatively analyzed.The results showed that the content ranges of Fe,Mn,Zn,Cu and B in citrus leaves were 18.00-362.10 mg/kg,5.54-219.09 mg/kg,1.00-83.95 mg/kg,0.55-40.28 mg/kg and 7.19-435.49 mg/kg,respectively.The proportions of leaf Fe,Mn,Zn,Cu and B in insufficient level(deficient level or low level)accounted for 8.73%,30.43%,91.50%,45.35%and 27.67%,respectively,and in optimum level accounted for 53.73%,68.31%,8.50%,44.89%and 65.56%respectively,however in excess level(high or excessive)were 37.54%,1.26%,0.00%,9.76%,and 6.77%,respectively.Among the five microelements,the percentage of leaf Mn and B in optimum levels was the highest,and that of leaf Zn was the lowest.The proportion of leaf Fe content exceeding optimum level was the largest,reaching 37.54%.In most of the citrus orchards,rich and deficient of some microelement coexist,indicating poor balance of leaf microelement status.The proportion of orchards with 5 or 4 microelements in optimum levels was only 0.69%and 12.06%,respectively.Therefore,in citrus production,attention should be paid to the supplement and balance of microelements.