胃肠肿瘤术后患者家属健康教育对医院感染防控行为的影响

Effect of postoperative health education for family members of patients on control of nosocomial infection

目的探讨胃肠肿瘤术后患者家属健康教育对医院感染防控行为的影响及促进效果。方法本研究使用自身前后对照的方法,对中山大学附属第一医院胃肠外科患者家属进行医院感染防控健康宣教前、后访谈,收集患者家属对于医院感染防控知识的认知、措施和执行情况数据,考察指标有手卫生、污物分类处置、周围环境和协助患者清洁卫生四个方面。结果宣教后患者家属在洗手指征、洗手时间、污物处理要求、周围环境要求、协助患者卫生要求等医院感染防控行为的知晓率(75.47%、62.26%、80.19%、68.87%、78.30%)高于宣教前,差异有统计学意义(P<0.001);宣教后,家属自身手卫生、污物分类处置、每日清洁消毒床头柜及床栏、协助患者清洁卫生四项医院感染防控措施的执行率(61.75%、67.94%、76.72%、72.49%)优于宣教前,差异有统计学意义(P<0.001)。结论对患者家属进行有针对性的多模式的医院感染防控行为健康宣教,可以提高患者家属对医院感染防控的认知水平和防控措施的依从性,从而降低医院感染发生的风险。

OBJECTIVE To explore the effect of postoperative health education for family members of patients on control of nosocomial infection.METHODS By means of self-controlled comparison,the interview was conducted for the family members of the patients who were treated in gastroenterology department of the First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University before and after the health education for control of nosocomial infection was carried out.The cognition of control of nosocomial infection and implementation rates of prevention measures were collected,and the observed indexes included the hand hygiene,classified disposal of wastes,hygienic condition of surroundings and assistance to cleaning and hygiene.RESULTS The awareness rates of hands washing indications,washing time,requirements of disposal of wastes,requirements for surroundings and assistance to patients’hygiene of the family members were respectively 75.47%,62.26%,80.19%,68.87%and 78.30%after the health education was carried out,higher than those before the health education was carried out(P<0.001).The implementation rates of the 4 prevention measures family members’hand hygiene of their own,classified disposal of wastes,daily cleaning and disinfection of bedside tables and bedrails and assistance to hygiene of patients were respectively 61.75%,67.94%,76.72%and 72.49%after the health education was carried out,significantly higher than those before the health education was carried out(P<0.001).CONCLUSION The targeted and multi-mode health education to the patients’family members may raise their cognition of control of nosocomial infection and the compliance of prevention measures so as to reduce the risk of nosocomial infection.