论全球治理中的权威分享——以联合国多边环境谈判为例

Authority Sharing in Global Governance: the Case of the UN Multilateral Environmental Negotiations

权威对于确立规则具有重要意义,这是全球治理的一个重要环节。国际关系中各行为体影响力的扩大使它们能在进行全球治理和制定相应规则时共同分享这一全球性的权威。本文结合强调效果的政治学和强调合法性的法学研究,从拥有权威的行为体之间关系的角度来阐述权威分享的定义和特点,并且通过分析权威分享的互动过程来解释联合国多边环境谈判,指出参与多样性、治理价值选择、责任分担和议题联系这四个要素是影响权威分享实现的关键。随后,本文以多个具体谈判案例说明其各要素的表现及其在谈判中的作用。这一研究的目的在于通过这种跨学科方法使我们能够更好地理解在进行联合国多边环境谈判时各权威行为体间的关系与呈现出的新特点,并从这一角度考察当前全球环境治理体系如何发挥作用。

Authority is of great importance to the establishment of rules.Various actors in international relations are sharing the global authority when they conduct the global governance and the rule making.In this paper,the authors elaborate on the definition and features of the concept of authority sharing in the dimension of the inter-authority relationship,while combining the political science’s highlight of the effect and the jurisprudence’s stress on the legitimacy,locate the UN multilateral environmental negotiations in the theory through the analysis of the interaction of sharing authority,and demonstrate the four elements-diverse participation,governance value option,responsibility sharing and issue linkages-are critical for the realization of authority sharing.The specific cases of negotiations are also illustrated to explain how the elements perform during the negotiation process and how the roles are played in the negotiations.The purpose of the research is to better understand the relationship among those authorities and the new performance during the multilateral environmental negotiations,and examine how the current global environmental governance system functions.