海相层系化石能源勘探地质基础发展思考

Thoughts on the Development of Geological Foundation for Fossil Energy Exploration in Marine Strata

在能源结构中,油气是地下化石能源最重要的能源之一。中国海相层系是重要的油气勘探领域,其以地层时代老、时空跨度大、埋藏深度深、有机质丰度低和演化程度高为主要特征,但是其巨大的地质体量和深层油气的勘探主体,使其受到高度关注。本文对海相层系中最受关注的深层油气来源的烃源岩和海相碳酸盐岩中浅层致密碳酸盐岩层系的非常规油气(简称灰岩油气)进行了剖析,认为深层具有能够形成规模油气的物质基础,而中浅层则存在着未被关注的非常规致密碳酸盐岩油气,加以勘探可望取得油气资源领域的突破。

In the energy structure, oil and gas are mostly important kinds of the underground fossil energy. The marine stratum is very important for the oil and gas exploration in China. It is mainly characterized with the old age, large temporal and spatial variation, deep burial depth, low abundance of organic matters, and high maturity. In addition, its huge geological mass and the main oil and gas exploration body in depth result in the highly paid attention. In this paper, based on the analysis of the most concerned deep oil and gas source rocks in marine strata and unconventional oil and gas(oil and gas in limestone) in middle and shallow layers of the compact carbonate strata within marine carbonate rocks, it is believed that the deep marine strata could have the material basis for the formation of large-scale oil and gas resources, while the unconcerned unconventional oil and gas in the compact carbonate could be existed in the middle and shallow layers of marine carbonate strata. It is expected to make breakthrough in the field of oil and gas exploration if those marine carbonate strata are properly explored.