哈尔滨市2017年碘缺乏病监测结果分析

Prevalence of iodine deficiency among residents in Harbin municipality in 2017:an analysis on surveillance data

目的掌握黑龙江省哈尔滨市碘缺乏病防治情况,为今后防治工作提供科学依据。方法2017年在全市抽取12个区县开展8~10岁学生(2413名)及孕妇(1200名)的尿碘检测,在其中7个县开展8~10岁学生(1413名)甲状腺容积检查。在所辖共18个区县开展居民户碘盐监测(5413份)。利用碘缺乏病监测信息管理系统对碘缺乏病监测数据进行管理。结果哈尔滨市碘盐覆盖率为98.95%(5356/5413),合格碘盐食用率为96.95%(5248/5413),不同地区间碘盐水平比较有统计学差异(χ^2=1340.401,P<0.05)。8~10岁学生尿碘中位数(MUI)为154.83μg/L,不同地区间尿碘水平比较有统计学差异(χ^2=217.389,P<0.05);8~10岁学生甲状腺肿大率为1.9%(27/1413),不同地区间甲肿率比较无统计学差异(χ^2=9.213,P=0.162)。孕妇MUI为193.0μg/L,不同地区间孕妇尿碘水平比较有统计学差异(χ^2=193.089,P<0.05)。结论哈尔滨市保持持续消除碘缺乏病目标,8~10岁学生的碘营养状况适宜,但孕妇碘营养接近适宜水平下限的比例较高。

Objective To examine the situation of iodine deficiency disease(IDD)prevention and control in Harbin municipality of Heilongjiang province and to provide evidences for improving IDD prevention and control.Methods Urine iodine was detected among 8–10 years old students(n=2413)and pregnant women(n=1200)in 12 counties or districts of Harbin municipality in 2017.Meanwhile,thyroid volume was determined among the 8–10 years old students(n=1413)in the 7 of 12 counties or districts.Iodine content was measured for 5413 table salt samples collected from households in all counties or districts(n=18)of the municipality.We also analyzed the data on IDD extracted from IDD Surveillance Information Management System.Results The coverage rate of iodine salt was 98.95%(5356/5413)and the qualification rate of iodine table salt was 96.95%(5248/5413)in the regions surveyed.There was a statistically significant difference in iodine table salt level among various counties(districts)(χ^2=1340.401,P<0.05).The median urinary iodine(MUI)was 154.83μg/L for all the students and there was a significant difference in the MUI among the students in different counties or districts(χ^2=217.389,P<0.05).The detection rate of thyroid goiter was 1.9%(27/1413)among the students,without significant difference in the rate among the students from different counties and districts(χ^2=9.213,P=0.162).The MUI was 193.0μg/L for all the pregnant women and there was a significant difference in MUI among the pregnant women from various counties and districts(χ^2=193.089,P<0.05).Conclusion Among the residents in Harbin municipality,the goal of elimination of IDD was achieved and maintained;the iodine nutrition was at an appropriate level among 8–10 years old children but a slight higher proportion of pregnant women with the iodine nutrition close to lower limit of appropriate level.