中国2004—2015年城乡女性恶性肿瘤死因顺位及死亡率分析

Malignant tumor mortality and rank order of death among urban and rural female residents in China:2004–2015

目的对中国2004—2015年城乡女性恶性肿瘤死因顺位及死亡率分布规律进行分析。方法对2004—2015年全国疾病监测系统所获得的恶性肿瘤统计资料用统计图表进行描述,采用χ2检验分析各年份、不同肿瘤死亡率城乡之间的差异。结果女性恶性肿瘤死因顺位为第2~3位;恶性肿瘤死因顺位排前5位的是肺癌、胃癌、肝癌、食管癌、结直肠肛门癌;肺癌上升趋势最为明显,由2006年的17.47/10万上升到了2015年的27.69/10万。死亡率城市高于农村的肿瘤是肺癌、结直肠肛门癌、乳腺癌(P<0.001);农村高于城市的肿瘤是胃癌、肝癌、食管癌(P<0.001)。结论恶性肿瘤位于女性死因顺位的第2~3位,肺癌死亡率上升趋势明显,女性恶性肿瘤总死因顺位排前5位的是肺癌、胃癌、肝癌、食管癌、结直肠肛门癌,而且有城乡差异。

Objective To analyze the distribution and changing trend in malignant tumor mortality and rank order of death causes among female residents in urban and rural China from 2004 to 2015.Methods We extracted the data on mortalities due to malignant tumors during 2004–2015 from national disease surveillance system and analyzed the data statistically.Chi-square test was adopted to analyze yearly and regional differences in malignant tumor mortalities.Results Malignant tumor mortality was the second or third leading cause of deaths among female residents in China during the period.The top five of malignant tumor deaths were lung,stomach,liver,esophagus,and colorectal and anal cancer.Lung cancer showed the most obvious upward trend,rising from 1747/100000 in 2006 to 2769/100000 in 2015.The malignant tumors with higher mortalities in urban than in rural female residents are lung,colorectal and anal,and breast cancer(all P<0.001);the malignant tumors causing more deaths in rural than in urban female residents are stomach,liver,and esophagus cancer(P<0.001 for all).Conclusion Among female residents in China during 2004–2015,malignant tumor mortality was the second or third leading causes of death;the mortality of lung cancer increased markedly;the top five malignant tumors were lung,stomach,liver,esophagus,and colorectal and anal cancer;there were urban-rural differences in rank order of deaths due to malignant tumors.