关于生产资料生产优先增长规律适用性的研究

The Research on Applicability of the Law of Prior Growth of Production Means

列宁根据马克思的社会资本再生产理论提出生产资料生产优先增长的规律,该规律已成为前苏联经济建设的指导方针。但是,生产资料生产优先增长的规律在我国经济学界引起数十年的争论,在20世纪60年代和80年代曾出现争论的高潮。从逻辑上看,科学技术进步导致资本有机构成提高,进而导致生产资料生产优先增长需要有一系列的附加条件,这些条件一般在工业化时期才具备。从实践上看,对前苏联、中国、印度、美国和日本的历史统计资料的验证表明,生产资料生产优先增长规律适用于苏联、中国、印度、20世纪60年代前的美国、20世纪70年代中期以前的日本。逻辑分析和实践验证结果证明,生产资料生产优先增长的规律适用于处在工业化过程的国家,而不管是资本主义根据还是社会主义国家,但是不适用于完成了工业化的国家。

Lenin put forward the law of prior growth of production means based on Marx's re-production theory.This law became the Guidelines of former Soviet Union's economic construction.But there has been debate about this law in Chinese economists since 1960s.Logically,how progress of Science and Technology and increase of organic composition of capital causes prior growth of production means needs some additional conditions.These conditions exist generally in the period of industrialization.Practically,his law was suitable for former Soviet Union,China,India,United States before 1960s,and Japan before 1970s after World War two.This paper argues that this law is suitable for the countries which are during industrialization,whether it is capitalist country or socialist country,but is not suitable for the countries which complete industrialization.