青海白菜型油菜资源遗传多样性分析

Genetic diversity analysis of Brassica campestris L. resources in Qinghai province

为明确青海白菜型油菜资源遗传多样性,本研究以58份白菜型油菜资源为研究材料,采用AFLP标记对其遗传多样性进行分析,以期为特早熟白菜型油菜杂交育种的资源创建及亲本选配提供参考依据。结果表明:16对多态性引物共扩增出124条多态性条带,多态性比率为58.49%。遗传距离变幅在0.073~0.375,平均为0.224。在遗传相似系数0.74处,白菜型油菜资源可分为A、B两大类群,其中A类群包含4份来源于青藏高原及印度的黄籽油菜;在遗传相似系数0.76处,B类群可进一步分为4个亚类,第一、三亚类基本上为具有加拿大及欧洲遗传成分的品种(系),第二亚类只包含一个西藏品种,第四亚类大部分为青海省特早熟油菜品种。聚类分析结果显示青海省特早熟白菜型油菜资源的遗传差异较小,遗传系统独立且遗传基础单一。

In order to determine the genetic diversity of Brassica campestris L.in Qinghai province,the genetic diversity of 58 Brassica campestris L.resources was analyzed by AFLP markers in order to provide reference for parents selection and resource creation in hybrid breeding of extra-early maturing Brassica rapa.The results showed that 124 polymorphic bands were amplified by 16 pairs of polymorphic primers,with a polymorphic ratio of 58.49%.The genetic distance ranged from 0.073 to 0.375,with an average of 0.224.Cluster analysis showed that at 0.74 genetic similarity coefficients,Brassica rapa resources could be divided into two groups:A and B,of which A group contained four yellow-seeded rapeseed varieties from Qinghai-Tibet Plateau and India.At the genetic similarity coefficient of 0.76,group B could be further divided into four sub-groups.The first and third sub-groups were basically varieties(lines)with Canadian and European genetic components.The second sub-group contained a Tibetan variety.The fourth sub-group was mostly super early-maturing rapeseed varieties in Qinghai.Cluster analysis showed that the genetic diversity of extra-early maturing Brassica rapa resources in Qinghai was small,and the genetic system was independent and the genetic basis was single.