社会支持对精神分裂症患者抑郁的影响:孤独感的中介作用

Influence of social support on depression in schizophrenic patients——The mediating effect of loneliness

目的:了解精神分裂症患者社会支持、孤独感和抑郁的现状,分析孤独感在精神分裂症患者社会支持和抑郁间的中介作用。方法:采用社会支持评定量表、UCLA孤独量表、抑郁自评量表对70名精神分裂症患者调查,并与84名其他疾病类型的患者比较。结果:①从精神分裂症患者社会支持、孤独感及抑郁的均值来看,孤独感和抑郁分值都处于中等水平以上,精神分裂症患者与抑郁症患者三者均无显著差异(P>0.05),精神分裂症患者抑郁情绪与中国常模比较有显著差异(t=7.190,P<0.01);②客观支持在发病情况存在显著差异(t=2.519,P<0.05),社会支持在婚姻状况上存在显著差异(F=4.705,P<0.05);③精神分裂症患者的社会支持与孤独感之间存在显著负相关(r=-0.437,P<0.01),抑郁与社会支持之间存在着显著的负相关(r=-0.301,P<0.01),抑郁与孤独感存在着显著的正相关(r=-0.562,P<0.01);④孤独感在社会支持与抑郁之间起完全中介作用。结论:精神分裂症患者存在抑郁情绪;首发精神分裂症患者客观支持比复发患者高,已婚患者的社会支持比未婚患者高;精神分裂症患者的社会支持越高,孤独感越少,抑郁情绪越少;孤独感在精神分裂症患者的社会支持与抑郁间起完全中介作用。

Objective:To understand the status of social support,loneliness and depression in patients with schizophrenia,and analyze the mediating role of loneliness in social support and depression in patients with schizophrenia.Methods:A total of 70 patients with schizophrenia were surveyed using the Social Support Rating Scale,the UCLA Loneliness Scale,and the Depression Self-Assessment Scale,and compared with 84 patients with other disease types.Results:①From the mean of social support,loneliness and depression in patients with schizophrenia,loneliness and depression scores were above medium level,and there was no significant difference between schizophrenia patients and depression patients(P>0.05),the depression of schizophrenia patients was significantly different from the Chinese norm(t=7.190,P<0.01).②There was a significant difference in the incidence of objective support(t=2.519,P<0.05),and the social support was significantly different in marital status(F=4.705,P<0.05).③There was a significantly negative correlation between social support and loneliness in patients with schizophrenia(r=-0.437,P<0.01).There was a significantly negative correlation between depression and social support(r=-0.301,P<0.01)There was a significantly positive correlation between depression and loneliness(r=-0.562,P<0.01).④Loneliness played a full mediating role between social support and depression.Conclusion:Patients with schizophrenia have depressive emotion;The objective support of first-time patients with schizophrenia is higher than that of relapsed patients,and the social support of married patients is higher than that of unmarried patients;The higher the social support of schizophrenia patients,the less loneliness and the less depression;Loneliness plays a full mediating role in social support and depression in patients with schizophrenia.